I was delighted to be invited to edit the Newsletter of the newly formed European Society for the History of Economic Thought and I am pleased to present the first edition.
This first issue presents information relating to the formation of the Society beginning with a statement by the President of the Society, Professor Luigi Passinetti
The aim of the Newsletter is to keep subscribers informed about the activities of the Society and about developments in the history of economic thought more generally in Europe and Worldwide.
In principle I will be happy to receive any material relating to the history of economic thought, forthcoming conferences and seminars, reports on conferences, seminars and other activities, details of doctoral theses being undertaken, forthcoming articles and books and so on.
It is not my intention to trawl through journals in order to list articles but I will publish details of books and articles which are sent to me.
If you wish to send me information I will be pleased to receive it as an e-mail document, on diskette in WORD or WORD PERFECT, by letter or by fax.
Dr John Vint
Manchester Metropolitan University
Dr John Vint
The Manchester Metropolitan University
All communications should be addressed to the editor:
Dr John Vint
Department of Economics and Economic History
Faculty of Humanities and Social Science
The Manchester Metropolitan University
Mabel Tylecote Building
Cavendish Street
Manchester M15 6BG UK
Tel: 0161-247-3891
Fax: 0161-247-6302
e.mail: J.Vint@mmu.ac.uk
Designed by Epigram, Manchester, UK. Telephone +44 161 237 9660 E-mail design@epigram.demon.co.uk
Professor Luigi Pasinetti
The first issue of any periodical is always an historical event - even more so for a society of historians.
This first issue of the European Society for the History of Economic Thought (E.S.H.E.T.) Newsletter contains essential information about the Society - reports on its foundation, its legal status and its constitution, the composition of its elected bodies (Executive Committee and Council), past activities (including a report of its first Annual General Meeting, held in Lisbon on February 9, 1996) and activities planned for the future. The first Annual Conference of the Society - now in advanced preparation - is to be held in Marseilles from February 27 to March 2, 1997. In addition preparations have begun for the second Annual Conference, which will take place in Bologna approximately one year after the first Conference. Further information is provided in the Newsletter on future programmes, such as ESHET Summer Schools and the prospects of a European History of Economic Thought doctoral programme
The next Annual General Meeting of the Society will take place during the Marseilles Conference. The event is very important. At that time, the nominations of the new Officers of the Society for its second term, will be made.All Members are warmly invited to participate, so as to produce a short list that may be as widely representative as possible of all tendencies, opinions, and strands of thought.
Only a few words are needed to stress that a European Society for the History of Economic Thought has become necessary, beside being appropriate, for many reasons. There are institutional reasons to begin with. Europe as a whole is in the process of becoming more and more of a unity. Whatever the final outcome of this process, European institutions, side by side with regional and national ones, are becoming more and more prominent. At the same time, entirely new institutions are being created, and of obvious and particular importance to us are those that are going to operate in the field of research.
But there are even stronger reasons on scientific grounds. Although, by and large, economics, as it is taught at present in our universities, is considered to be a relatively young field of learning, economic thought at large has long and deep roots in past history. Moreover, these historical roots are almost entirely in Europe, with different traditions in different nations, and with an economic literature which is in the various European languages. It is vital that the Members of E.S.H.E.T. may be placed in the best position to reach, analyse, probe and integrate these different traditions, so as to make them a conscious background for the development of modern economic thought.
The hope is that E.S.H.E.T. may help historians of economics to carry out this vital task, so that they may exchange their views and national experiences, according to the rigorous requirements of modern scholarship. The results will obviously depend very much on the variety and intensity of efforts that are going to be made within the Society and on the efforts that its Members are prepared to contribute.
I am looking forward to seeing as many of you as possible, on February 27 - March 2, in Marseille.
Professor Luigi Pasinetti
President of ESHET
Professor Richard Arena
The first issue of the ESHET Newsletter provides a new step in the life of our Society. Two years have passed since the meeting at which a group of scholars decided in the Lérins Islands, near Cannes, to favour the creation of a European Society for the History of Economic Thought.
Luigi Pasinetti, President of ESHET, has reminded us in his statement, of the main reasons for this decision. The common feeling, in September 1994 in Cannes was that the respective groups studying history of economic thought in Europe were too small to build national scientific communities but sufficiently large to try to form a European one. This bet succeeded. Before we had even had our first Annual General Conference, and prior to this first issue of the Newsletter, the Society had already attracted 250 members. We hope the membership will be substantially increased after the first issue of the Newsletter and the Annual Conference. However, the Society has already reached its first objective, that is, to exist legally as well as in reality. This success has been obtained thanks to all the historians of economic thought in Europe, who put trust in the process of creation of a common society and participated to the elections of its officers. To them I would like to express the gratitude of the Executive Committee and the Council of ESHET. I think they strongly helped in the development of our discipline in Europe.
Since the Cannes meeting, other steps were taken. In 1995, a Constitution was elaborated and discussed collectively in Rotterdam. During the same year, a first scientific meeting of ESHET was organized in Siena and met with significant success, from both the points of view of the speakers and the audience. In December 1995, in Nice, the first General Assembly of the Society approved the Consti-tution and proclaimed the results of the postal ballot for the President and the Executive Committee of Autumn 1995. Finally in 1996, in Lisbon, the Council of the Society was also elected. Therefore, the Society is now on its feet and the Marseilles Conference will be the first opportunity to check if it is now able to walk.
This brief report would not be complete if I would not thank, at last, our colleague John Vint for the wonderful job he performed in editing the first issue of this Newsletter.
Richard ARENA
Secretary of ESHET
Professor Bertram Schefold
The foundation of every society proceeds in several stages. The process is especially complicated in the case of an international society, since both the appropriate legal form and the appropriate national framework have to be chosen. I here report what happened in our case.
The official foundation of the Society took place at its meeting in Nice on 9th and 10th December, 1995. This meeting concluded the process of creation of the Society. Thirty five members of the Society were present and elections were held.
With these elections, the former Steering Committee of the Society had concluded its tasks with all its objectives achieved. It may be recalled that the Steering Committee had been elected in the Cannes meeting of autumn, 1994. It proposed a constitution which was approved in Rotterdam in February, 1995 and a first meeting of the Society was held in Siena in September, 1995. The Steering Committee then sent a call for membership to a large number of historians of economic thought in the world. One hundred and ninety colleagues answered positively and became members of ESHET. Finally, the Steering Committee organised the election of the President and the Executive Committee of the Society and made the result of the elections known at the meeting in Nice.
The newly elected Executive Committee then met during Lisbon Conference and asked me to investigate the legal possibilities to found the Society legally in Frankfurt. Frankfurt was chosen after a previous attempt to found the Society in Brussels had met with legal obstacles. We had first wanted the site of the Society to be in Brussels as the centre of the administration of the European community. Frankfurt was then chosen because it was the location of the future European Central Bank.
There were several legal forms which our association could have taken in Germany. There exists (since March 1992) a statute of an 'European Association', according to regulations of the European Community, but it turns out to be an immensely complicated construction, meant more for trading bodies than for personal associations such as ours; it involves many duties regarding publicity, book-keeping, constitution etc.
Then there are two kinds of a German association: the registered association ('eingetragener Verein') and the non- registered association ("nicht eingetragener Verein", "nicht rechtsfŠhiger Verein", abbreviated n. r. V.). The former form (abbreviated e. V.) is chosen by most small associations, down to associations of bee-keepers and the like. Its advantage is that the association is a legal person; the association is directly liable for losses, and individual members are liable only indirectly. Example: If a conference organiser rents a hall in the name of the association which is too expensive, the association is liable for losses; the association can sue the organiser, but only if he has made a mistake. This limitation of liability of members is purchased at a price, however - registration is complicated. In particular, the constitution and all its changes, the names of members of the executive committee and other matters must be registered with the local court responsible for associations, and all committee members and founding members must sign in the presence of a notary. If a notary is not accredited in Germany, the confirmation of the foreign notary by a German Government official must be obtained. The procedure would have to be repeated after each election. This seemed not practicable - the registered association is suitable mainly for people living in the same town.
But there is also the other form of association - the unregistered association. Such an association proves its existence simply by showing that its constitution has been signed by at least seven founding members and that the correct records of meetings and elections are being kept. Of course, it also has to keep correct accounts. It turns out - surprisingly at first - that German trade unions, employers organisations, cartels, even political parties usually choose this form. The assets of such an association (n. r. V.) are owned by the members (who can change) collectively. The liability rule is reversed. In our example, the conference organiser would have to pay up for a too expensive hall, but, if he had acted on behalf of the society without mistake, he in turn can sue the association which is represented in court by those members of the executive committee which the committee will mandate.
There is a large degree of freedom for the internal organisation of unregistered associations. Happily, it turned out that our constitution adopted at Rotterdam is - apart from very small changes which have been made - consistent with the German law of associations. In accordance with that law, our constitution provides that individual members can be mandated to represent the association. A treasurer acts on such a mandate, for instance.
A non-registered association cannot be recognised as a charity, but this would neither be very useful, nor is it necessary. Not useful, because tax exemption in Germany does not imply tax exemption in other countries. Not necessary, because most universities are associated with charitable associations for research. Such associations can be given money which was donated for specific activities of the society in the country concerned (for instance, for the organisation of a conference), and the charitable organisation can then pass on the money legally to our association, for activities in the country concerned, and can make the donation tax deductible, for donors resident in that country.
The Executive Committee therefore resolved, in order to execute the decisions taken by the assembly of Nice and in consequence of the decision taken by the Executive Committee in Lisbon, to give the form of a non-registered association (nicht eingetragener Verein, n. r. V.) according to German law to the Society. To this end, the constitution was translated from English into German and small necessary adaptations to German law were made.
Accordingly, a summary record of the process of the foundation of the society according to German law, and the constitution of the society, were signed by seven members of the association who were present at the founding assembly in Nice, as is required by German law to confirm the act of foundation. Both documents were also signed by all eight members of the Executive Committee, in order to confirm the decisions relevant to the foundation. These two documents have now been deposited with the Faculty of Economics of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University in Frankfurt am Main, to conclude the process of the legal foundation of the association. Of course, it is hoped that no litigation in court will ever take place which would have to be based on that document, and that the association will be able to conduct its affairs by mutual consent, based on the constitution adopted in Rotterdam.
Bertram Schefold
Luigi PASINETTI
(Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan)
President
Luigi PASINETTI (Universita Cattolicˆ del Sacro Cuore, Milan)
Vice-President
Andrew SKINNER (University of Glasgow),
Secretary
Richard ARENA (University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis),
Treasurer
Harald HAGEMANN (Hohenheim University of Stuttgart),
Riccardo FAUCCI (University of Pisa)
Heinz KURZ (University of Graz)
Pier-Luigi PORTA (University of Milan)
The Chair of the Council (non voting member)
Chair, Bertram SCHEFOLD (University of Frankfurt-am-Main),
Vice-Chair, Walter ELTIS (University of Oxford),
Pascal BRIDEL (University of Lausanne)
Jean CARTELIER (University of Paris X)
Pier DOCKéS (University of Lyon II)
André LAPIDUS (University of Paris I)
Christina MARCUZZO (La Sapienza, University of Rome)
Steve RANKIN (University of East Anglia)
Heinz RIETER (University of Hamburg)
Christian SCHMIDT (University of Paris IX)
Ian STEEDMAN (Manchester Metropolitan University)
Erich STREISSLER (University of Vienna)
Gianni VAGGI (University of Pavia)
Jan VAN DAAL (Erasmus University of Rotterdam)
Donald WINCH (University of Sussex)
Stefano ZAMAGNI (University of Bologna)#
The annual membership fee for 1997 is 20 ECU.
Forms for the renewal of membership are enclosed with this Newsletter
Please note: to qualify for the reduced registration fee for ESHET members at the 1997 Conference in Marseille, members must renew their membership before or at the Conference.
The 1997 ESHET Annual Conference
Marseilles (France), February 27 - March 2, 1997
Thursday 27 February
10.00am - 1.00pm Registration
LUNCHEON
2.00pm - 2.30pm Welcome Speeches
2.30pm - 4.30pm Plenary Sessions I
COFFEE BREAK
5.00pm - 6.50pm 3 Thematic Sessions I
Friday 28 February
9.00am - 10.45am 3 Thematic Sessions II
COFFEE BREAK
11.15am - 1.00pm 3 Thematic Sessions III
LUNCHEON
2.30pm - 3.30pm Plenary Session II
COFFEE BREAK
4.00pm - 6.30pm 11 Open Sessions I
ESHET ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING
Conference Dinner
Saturday 1 March
9.00am - 10.45am 11 Open Sessions II
COFFEE BREAK
11.15am - 1.00pm 11 Open Sessions III
LUNCHEON
2.30pm - 5.00pm 11 Open Session IV
COFFEE BREAK
5.30pm - 6.30pm Plenary Session III
MUSICAL DINNER
(Royal Convent of Saint Maximin)
Sunday 2 March
TOUR - LUNCHEON IN PROVENCE (9.00am - 4.00pm)
Details of accommodation are on the next page. Application forms for the Conference, accommodation information and further details of the academic programme are enclosed with this Newsletter
Colleagues who renew their ESHET membership at or before the Conference will be entitled to the lower Conference registration fee.
Accommodation
The conference fee does not include accommodation. Participants are responsible for their own housing arrangements.
The following hotels have special arrangements with the ESHET Conference organization and are particularly recommended:
Early reservation is recommended. The Conference Secretariat will be pleased to supply further information on hotel accommodation and conference organization.
Telephone: +33 4 91 14 07 70
Fax +33 4 91 90 02 27
E-mail: rosio@ehess.cnrs-mrs.fr
http://ehess.cnrs-mrs.fr/GREQAM/GIDE/ehess.html
The second ESHET annual Conference will take place from Friday 27 February to Sunday 1 March 1998. The Conference will be hosted by the University of Bologna. The sessions will take place at the Erasmus College and annexed Conference Halls at San Giovanni in Monte, in an attractive quarter recently restored by the University and situated within the medieval city centre.
A local organiser will be Professor Roberto Scazzieri, Faculty of Economics, piazza Scaravilli 2, Bologna, Italy.
The Conference will include a section on the following theme: "Institutions, Markets and the Division of Labour"; open sessions will also be organised.
Further details on the organisation of the Conference, including a call for papers, will be issued in March 1997, after the first ESHET Marseille Conference.
The History of Economics: Constructing the Canon
European Conference on the History of Economics (ECHE)
17-19 April, 1997, Panteion Univeristy, ATHENS
The theme of the 1997 ECHE conference will be the nature and role of the canon in the history of economics. In both literary and historical disciplines, the construction and role of the canon has been the subject of much recent debate. In the humanities, for example, the authority of the literary 'classics' has been challenged: both directly, through fresh, often politicised readings, and indirectly, through a shift towards the analysis of previously marginalised literary forms. In the historical disciplines, a traditional historiography centered on 'the achievements of great men' has given way to richer, more varied, perspectives; feminist scholarship being but one of these. The history of economics, however, has in many respects been unaffected by these changes, with the canonical sequence of Smith, Ricardo, Marx etc. still constituting the skeleton for most teaching and scholarly discussions.
Athens will be an appropriate venue to ask questions about the canon and authority in the history of economics. How is the canon formed and perpetuated, interpreted and reinterpreted? Are there multiple canons? What is the relationship between the canon and the way the history of economics is written? Are there perspectives or historiographical approaches that have been made difficult because of canonical authority? Can these issues be approached in the same manner in the history of economics as in literary criticism or history of science? For the Conference, preference will be given to original papers in the history of economics, but all contributions written with a conscious eye to the larger theme will be considered.
In order to accommodate the growing number of conference initiatives at a European level, this year's ECHE will be on a reduced scale, with the final size depending on the scope and quality of response. The organising committee is:
J L Cardoso (Technical Univ., Lisbon)
A Jolink (Erasmus Univ. Rotterdam)
P Fontaine (Univ. of Antilles, Guadeloupe)
R Leonard (Univ. Quebec, Montreal) and
M Psalidopoulos (Panteion Univ. Athens)
For further information please contact:
Michalis Psalidopoulos
Panteion University - 1997 ECHE
Leoforos Singrou 136
176 71 Athens, Greece
Tel: (x)3-01-922-80-56 / 922-36-78
Fax: (x)3-01-922-36-90
E-Mail:
mpsal@platon.panteion.ariadne-t.gr
International Conference
"Adolphe Landry : Economist, Demographer and Legislator"
University of Corsica, Faculty of Jurisprudence and Economics
Corté (Corsica, France)
3-6 September 1997
CALL FOR PAPERS
The University of Corsica, the Institut National des Etudes Démographiques (I.N.E.D., Paris) and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (L.A.T.A.P.S.E.S., C.N.R.S., University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis) will organize an international conference in Corté (Corsica-France) on "Adolphe Landry" (1874-1956). This conference aims to give to scholars the opportunity to discuss and evaluate the scientific contribution of a "gifted theoretician" (New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics). The conference shall have a plenary session with invited lecturers and nine open and parallel sessions, each focusing on the different topics Adolphe Landry's reflexion and action were concerned with: economic theory and policy, demography, jurisprudence and politics.
Those wishing to contribute to this international conference are invited to send before January 15, 1997 (new deadline) proposals (500/700 words) to the organizer at the following address:
"Colloque Adolphe Landry"
c/o Paul-Marie Romani
LATAPSES-C.N.R.S.
250 Rue Albert Einstein
06560 - Valbonne - Sophia Antipolis (France)
Phone:
(33) 04.93 95 42 36 / 04.93 95 41 19
Fax: (33) 04.93 65 37 98
e-mail: romani@unice.fr
Acceptance by the scientific committee of the conference will be notified to the authors by February 15, 1997.
Full papers (no more than 15 sides of A4 on disc using MS Word (Character Times) are requested to the same address before May 31, 1997. After this deadline, reproduction and diffusion of accepted papers will be left to the responsibility of authors and at their own cost.
The publication of the Proceedings of the Conference is scheduled for 1998-99.
Further information about the organization of the conference can be obtained from the above address.
Association Charles Gide pour l'étude de la pensée Économique
Colloquium on the French Economic Tradition
2 and 3 October 1997 in Lyon
organised by: le Centre August et Léon WALRAS (Université
LUMIéRE - Lyon 2)
et la Maison Rhône-Alpes des Sciences de l'Homme (MRASH)
Centre Auguste et Léon WALRAS
Maison Rhône -Alpes des Sciences de l'Homme
14 avenue Berthelot 69363 Ð
LYON cedex 07
Telephone: (33) 72 72 64 64 or
(33) 72 72 64 07
Fax: (33) 72 80 00 08
email: mjoubert@mrash.fr
Organising Committee:
Pierre DOCKÈS
Ludovic FROBERT
Pierre GARROUSTE
Michéle JOUBERT (MRASH)
Gérard KLOTZ
Jean-Pierre POTIER
Andre TIRAN
Scientific Committee:
R Arena
M Basle
Y Breton
P Bridel
A L Cot
P Docks
G Faccarello
R F Hébert
C Jessua
A Lapidus
M Lutfalla
M Penin
J-C Perrot
J P Potier
J Ravix
B Schefold
C Schmidt
P Steiner
D A Walker
J Wolff
A Zylberberg.
Report on the Proposal to Establish ESHET Summer Schools
Background
At the Lisbon Meeting it was decided to appoint a Committee to prepare a project for the establishment of Summer Schools and to investigate the possibility of receiving funds from the Socrates Program. Maria Cristina Marcuzzo and Steve Rankin were involved in the drafting of the proposal (the summary of which is given below) which was sent to Brussels last May.
With respect to 1996-97, the EU Socrates programme coordinators have taken the view that the ESHET proposals fall just outside the remit of the Programme's guidelines. In the light of this initial negative response, one of the objectives of the ESHET Finance Committee during the current year is to explore ways of linking the ESHET programme more concretely to Socrates objectives. We are also planning to lobby Brussels to generate support for our proposals.
To cover the possibility that in the short run we will not be able to obtain significant additional resources from Brussels, we are also looking for alternative sources of funding. At this stage we would be most grateful for any ideas or suggestions which you may have. Please e-mail your thoughts to either:
Maria Marcuzzo on marcuzzo@unimo.it - or: Steve Rankin on 100277.203@compuserve.com.
Preliminary Considerations
ESHET is anxious to embark on an ambitious programme of promoting the European dimension in the history of economic thought at European Institutions of higher education. There are three reasons which justify this purpose.
Firstly, existing curricula at European institutions of higher education tend to reflect national traditions in the history of economic thought and fails to emphasise what is a common European heritage.
Secondly, as policy makers world-wide grapple with the great issues of economic integration, the role of regulation in a market economy, international trade competitiveness and the problem of unemployment, new research demonstrates the continuing policy relevance and practical importance of the European legacy in the history of economic thought.
Thirdly, at a time when the demand for students with professional training in economics is expanding, enrolments in economics courses has declined markedly at European universities as students seek a broadly-based curriculum with a less exclusive emphasis on economics as a technical discipline. By providing a historical and cultural dimension to the teaching of economics in Europe, ESHET believes it can assist in reversing this trend by transforming the discipline into a more accessible subject with the capacity to attract a wider cross-section of students.
The Summer School Proposal
It is the long-term objective of ESHET to assist in the development of high-level European MA and Ph.D. programmes in political economy and the history of economic thought - programmes which combine the technical training required by professional environments with a broadly-based study of the historical literature of European economics. We envisage that such a programme will involve the collaboration of several universities with the possibility of multilingual and cross-cultural study. The programme will contribute to the professional training of those who seek careers in Europe as economists, public administrators and managers.
As a stepping stone towards the development of such a programme, ESHET proposes to organise a series of summer schools of 4 weeks duration to be held during the summers of 1997, 1998 and 1999. The programme will aim to attract 35 postgraduate students annually from the European Union to embark upon an intensive study of the development of European economic thought. Currently, ESHET is considering from amongst six university sites as possible venues for the three summer schools. Glasgow, Lisbon (or Barcelona), Siena (or Venice) and Strasbourg.
Objectives of the Summer Schools
The summer schools will provide a focus for the work of the ESHET in developing the European dimension in the teaching of economics and the history of economic thought. It will serve as a forum for the presentation and integration of new research on European economic thought Into higher education curricula. By re-defining the teaching of the history of economic thought within a European context, the summer schools aim to make a substantial contribution towards the re-orientation of curricula in European universities. In addition, the summer schools will foster co-operation between teaching staff at the European level and encourage mobility amongst participating postgraduate students.
Co-ordination and Management
The Executive Committee of the ESHET will appoint a Summer Schools Sub-Committee to co-ordinate and manage the summer schools project over the period 1997-99. Responsi-blity for financial management of the project management, over three years will be undertaken by a single university or research institute involved in the project.
Financial Support
Financial support for the project is sought from national and European bodies for up to 50 per cent of the total costs, with the residual funding coming from student fees, the contributions of participating universities and the Society itself.
Maria Christina Marcuzzo
Steve Rankin
The second meeting of the Summer School was held at Selwyn College, Cambridge, from 20 to 28 July 1996. The Summer School is supported by the European Commission and is organised within the framework of the Socrates-Erasmus Interuniversity Cooperation Programme on "Structural Change and Economic Dynamics".
The programme, of which the Summer School is part, was started in 1993 with the aim of drawing together European scholars and research students in a field that lends itself to a wide range of applications ranging from economic theory to applied economics, economic history and the history of economic analysis. The network includes the Universities of Bologna, Cambridge, Twente (Enschede), Hohenheim (Stuttgart), Graz, Linz, the State University of Milan, the Catholic University of Milan, and the University of Nice with the cooperation of the Universities of Fribourg (Switzerland), Grenoble and Padua. It is part of the aims of the school to develop the historical-analytical side of the subject with special reference to the historical roots of the exchange-production duality and the reconstruction of the 'classical' standpoint in economic analysis. The School also favours an interdisciplinary approach, with the inclusion, for example, of historical perspectives, institutional issues, and contributions on demography and the environment.
The opening address was delivered by Stan Metcalfe of the University of Manchester on Evolutionary approaches to technical change. Other themes included applications of structural analysis to business cycles and medium and long term development; historical evolution and sructural change; restructuring of the European economies; and the sustainability of economic growth. The closing lecture was given by Luigi Pasinetti.
Mornings were devoted to lectures; every afternoon research students from the network presented their work in progress. Lecturers included C. Poni (Bologna) H.D. Kurz (Graz), M. Diedrich (Keele Univ.), F. Meacci (Padua), M. Landesmann (Linz and Vienna), R. Arena (Nice), M. Baranzini (Verona), M. Ricottilli (Bologna), F. Nardini (Bologna), C. Ruehl (EBRD), A. Steenge (Enschede), F. Perlin (London), M. Panic (Cambridge), H. Bortis (Fribourg), H. Hagemann (Hohenheim, Stuttgart), M. Beber (Cambridge), R. Scazzieri (Bologna), P.L. Porta (Milano). Among the special guests at the formal dinner G.C. Harcourt, Marina Bianchi and N. DeMarchi were present.
Pier-Luigi Porta
University of Milan
On 29 - 31 August 1996, about twenty historians of economic thought from the Nordic countries held the fourth Nordic History of Economic Thought meeting at Turku, Finland.
Sessions were organised on the following topics:
Axel Leijonhufvud made an appreciated return to his Swedish native language and delivered the keynote speech on "The History of Two Traditions"
Bo Sandelin
University of Gothenburg
HES Annual Conference
The HES annual conference will be held at the College of Charleston, Charleston, South Carolina, June 20-23, 1997. Paper proposals should be sent by February 1, 1997, to:
Professor Robert Clower,
President-Elect of the HES,
Department of Economics,
University of South Carolina,
Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
Fax (803)777-6876;
e-mail RCLOWER@DARLA.BADM.SC.EDU
HES E-Mail
HES is an e-mail list for scholars and others interested in the history of economics or the history of economic thought. HES features thought-
provoking monthly guest editorials, lively discussion about economists, schools of thought, and themes in history of economic thought, discussions of sources and historial methods, calls for papers, announcements of conferences and workshops, announcements of funding opportunities, suggestions for useful Web-sites, requests for information, and questions regarding the teaching of the history of economic thought. HES is the designated mailing list for the History of Economics Society, but is open to all who wish to participate in its discussions with an attitude of mutual respect. The HES list is managed by an editorial team consisting of Ross B. Emmett, Esther-Mirjam Sent, Humberto Barreto, and Paul Wendt.
In order to subscribe, send the message SUB HES YOUR NAME to:
lists@cs.muohio.edu.
HES Web Site
The HES now has an extensive web site with resources and links for historians of economics. Please visit our site at:
http://cs.muohio.edu/_HisEcSoc/
Recent doctoral dissertations presented for the Italian PhD programme in the History of Economic Thought based at the University of Florence
Equilibrium Paradigms: Interpretations on Order and Equilibrium in Adam Smith's Work
by Stefano Fiori
The work deals with Smith's concept of equilibrium, analysed through three connected topics.
The theoretical premise of the first part is that metaphors have played a decisive role in the formation of scientific theory. It is shown how the metaphors of the "machine", the "body" and the "invisible hand" provided models with which to represent social and economic order. Moreover, reciprocal comparison reveals why the "invisible hand" was more successful than the other two metaphors in conveying the concept of the competitive market.
The second topic deals with the concept of time. Market society, as described by Smith, is characterised by change, which prevents individuals from foreseeing the future and consequently modifies the structure of their expectations. Such a context refers to the "invisible hand" which implies the new perception of time.
The last argument is related to the notion of equilibrium analysed from the point of view of moral theory, considering its implications for Smithian economic theory.
Economic Equilibrium and Forms of Social Organization
by Chiara Rossignoli
From Walras onwards economic equilibrium theory showed a double nature, - at once both descriptive and normative. On the one hand it investigated the existence of general competitive equilibrium and on the other whether it achieved optimality (as the best form of social organization). The two aspects evolved independently (in aims and formalization) until Arrow and Debreu unified the existence and optimality results.
The main authors connecting Walras to Arrow-Debreu were on the first side Wald, von Newmann, and Koopmans; and on the second, Pareto, Barone, de Finetti (the eminent probabilist gave in the Thirties important mathematical results on Pareto optimality), Bergson, and Lange.
The Theory of Progress of T R Malthus
by Terenzio Maccabelli
The dissertation aims to investigate the different meanings that the concept of 'progress' takes on in Malthus's work. The theme is central in the first edition of the Essay on Population, where Malthus discusses the main eighteenth-century theories of progress from the ideal of endless improvements proposed by Godwin and Condorcet, to the Smithian theory of 'natural progress toward im-provement'. His criticism of these conceptions does not prevent Malthus from elaborating a progress theory of his own, which in the first edition of the Essay takes the form of a teodicy, in which human evolution is driven by God with the purpose to create and improve the mind and the spirit. In the following work the Malthusian notion of progress is enriched by social, political and economic components which eventually find a general synthesis in the last part of the Principles of Political Economy, entitled 'On the Progress of Wealth'.
In particular, the dissertation maintains that even the Malthusian theory of economic growth includes other forms of discourse than the purely economic and that these forms of discourse are philosophical, political and social.
Knowledge, Rationality, and Organization: Hayek, Simon and the Microfoundations of Economic Theory
by Salvatore Rizzello
The complex relationship between rationality, institutions and organizations (one of the most significant problems in neoinstitutionalistic literature) is analyzed in this thesis, beginning with the microfoundations, which we argue have a psychological and neurobiological nature. We analyze first the two trends of thought which have given the most significant contributions: that of the Austrian School which focuses the processes of creation of knowledge and on the spontaneous generations of rules and institutions, (with special reference to von Hayek) and that connected with models of bounded and procedural rationality, (with special reference to Simon), applied especially within the framework of the theory of organizations. In the light of this analysis, we try a first definition of the relationship between organizations and institutions, founding it on models of the mind, which it is argued, lie at the basis of both the microfoundations of economic theory and a new conception of social evolution.
The Introduction of Game Theory into Economics from the Origins to 1959
by Alessandro Innocenti
This thesis analyses the early years of the introduction of game theory into economics beginning with by the first mathematical attempts to deal with the strategic interaction problem and then considering economic models which use game theory from 1959. The thesis is divided into four parts. Part one gives a survey of the pre-1944 economic models concerning the effect of strategic interaction. The second part contains an introduction to the mathematical foundations of game theory dating back to the 18th century. The third part discusses extensively the fundamental von Neumann and Morgenstern's Theory of Games and Economic Behaviour (1944). The last part gives an account of the first developments of the relation between game theory and economics until 1959, the year in which Shubik applied the concept of core to the Edgeworth Market Games and completed the incubation period of 'economic' game theory.
Paul M Sweezy: From Underconsumption to the Stagnation of Capitalism
by Marco Bonzio
The dissertation analyses the evaluation of P. Sweezy's economic theory with particular regard to his model of stagnation. For this reason it takes into consideration the writings of P. Sweezy from his first great theoretical work The Theory of Capitalist Development (TCD) 1942 to Monopoly Capital (MC) published in 1966 together with P Baran - which represent the last stage of his theoretical research on economic stagnation. The dissertation tries to demonstrate that in TCD Sweezy develops not a pure underconsumption theory but a real model of stagnation, taking inspiration from A H Hansen's thesis on economic maturity. The deep differences between the scheme of stagnation formulated in TCD and MC (in the latter, contrary to the former, the tendency to stagnation is determined by the growth of oligopoly) is related to the great influence exercised on the economic thought of P Sweezy in the middle of the 1950's, by M Kalecki, J Steindl and, above all, P Baran (whose theories of stagnation are also taken into consideration). In addition, the dissertation tries to identify the specific contribution given by P Sweezy to the formulation the analytical scheme of economic stagnation developed in Monopoly Capitalism.
The Competitive Hypothesis and Theory of Society in the Thought of Maffeo Pantaleoni, Vilfredo Pareto, Emanuele Sella.
by Claudia Rotondi
The methodological and doctrinal framework within which Pantaleoni, Pareto and Sella study both competition and the evolution of economic and social systems, is strongly characterized by the analogy they draw between economics on one side, and mechanics and biology on the other, and by the tension between atomism and organicism, with their implications on the role of observation and empirical investigations.
Their researches, all situated at the end of the XIXth - beginning of the XXth century, are particularly important not only for the results they obtained, but for the lines of inquiry they suggested and developed.
They confirm the relevance of the Italian contributions to economic thought in those years. As the latest international historiography has established, these are not limited to the well known influence of Pareto's work on General Equilibrium Theory; their doctrinal stance puts them on a frontier forming theoretical developments which have ripened only
much later.
Recent dissertations presented at the University of Frankfurt/Main
Baloglou Christos P: Die Vertreter der mathematischen Nationalškonomie in Deutschland zwischen 1838 und 1871. Marburg: Metropolis 1995, 388 pp. (BeitrŠge zur Geschichte der deutschsprachigen …konomie 7)
The mathematical method, as Irving Fisher pointed out, 'has reference to the use of symbols and their operations', such symbols being 'a letter, a diagram or a model'. The application of this method to economic analysis has been very slow; it secured a firm footing only after the appearance in 1871 of W. S. Jevons' Theory of Political Economy. This book, originally a Ph.D. thesis in the University of Frankfurt/Main, covers the development of mathematical economics in Germany during the period between the publication of 'Recherches sur les principes mathématiques de la théorie des richesses' (1838) and Jevons' Theory of Political Economy (1871). This period has not been systematically researched before. K.H. Rau, H. von Mangoldt, K.H. Hagen, H.H. Gossen, J.H. von ThŸnen are the most significant authors who used the mathematical method in several areas: price theory, theory of international trade, utility theory, theory of market areas, wage theory and marginal analysis.
Kohleick Rudolf: Wertheorie und technischer Wander. Zum Vergleich neoricardianischer und evolutionŠrer …konomik. Frankfurt am Main: Dissertation 1995. [Theory of Value and Technical Change - The Sraffian Approach in Comparison to Evolutionary Economics]. Forthcoming: Marburg: Metropolis 1997.
The book starts with a re-examination of Ricardo's 'Principles', focusing attention on the problem of integrating technical change into a (labour) theory of value; it deals with new processes by means of comparative statics. Later developments lead to the Sraffian approach, extended to joint production by Schefold; it allows to deduce exchange-values consistently from a given technique. Pasinetti, in contrast, succeeds in modelling permanent change in all processes, but only by neglecting their material interdependences. The dilemma does not disappear in evolutionary economics: Schumpeter's entrepreneur destroys the basis of valuation and the attainment of Winter's selection equilibrium presupposes a universal hierarchy of processes. Similar findings are obtained with regard to other evolutionary approaches.
Kulla Bernd: Die AnfŠnge der emprischen Konjunkturforschung in Deutschland 1925-1933. Berlin: Duncker & Humblot 1996, 227 S., DM 86, Ñ ISBN 3428086937.
Originally a Ph.D. thesis in the University of Frankfurt/Main, the study is based largely on primary sources. It relates to the history of three German economic research institutes during the Weimar Republic. In Berlin an institute worked closely with the Reich Statistical Office. It collected a huge volume of material and focused mainly on empirical studies and the analysis of economic development. The institute in Kiel was a centre of international economic research which took a very theoretical approach, while in Frankfurt a small group of scholars probed the theoretical foundations of empirical research. None of these institutes had much impact on government economic policy; they were more notable for their achievements in the fields of economic theory and statistical methodology.
Peukert Helge: Das sozialškonomische Werk Wilhelm Ršpkes. Frankfurt am Main und Bern: Lang 1992, 2 vols. 1483 S.
The dissertation, supervised by B. Schefold, examines the work of W. Ršpke, one of the most influential ordoliberals on (post-war) German economic policy. The study focuses mainly on his methodology and anthropology, the leitbild of a human liberalism, the theory of a market economy, his approach of a rational economic policy, the critique of Keynes, the theory of business cycles, and his rejection of a European custom's union. The non-mainstream characteristics are especially emphasised: his critique of mass culture and production, his early and consequent anti-nazism connected with his support of a deficit financed public expenditure program in 1933, and his reflections on how to master the ecological crisis of our times.
Doctoral dissertation presented at the University of Piraeus
Karayiannis Anastassios D: Theories of Entrepreneurial Profit from Classical Time until Today, Doctorate thesis. University of Piraeus, Department of Economics, 1987, pp. 647, (unpublished in Greek).
This doctorate dissertation presents a critical analysis of the ideas and theories developed by earlier and more recent economists on the motives, functions, activities and the rewards (contractual and non contractual) of pure and the non pure entrepreneurship. Also some space is devoted to relevant ideas of ancient and pre-Smithian authors.
The scope of analysis follows mainly the absolutist methodological approach was not only to fill a gap in the historical literature, but also to attribute originality priority and influentiality for the development of some relevant ideas to specific authors.
History of Economic Ideas is a new international series of Quaderni di Storia dell'Economia Politica, a journal founded in 1983 to promote collaboration between scholars who share an historical approach to the major issues in economics. The journal, which is written in English, examines the origins of these issues, the various "revolutions" which have left their mark on economics and the spread of economic ideas beyond the narrow circle of specialists.
History of Economic Ideas rejects the dichotomy between "analysis" and "culture": both aspects are of equal importance for a wider understanding of the subject. In a period such as our own, where paradigms which once seemed unshakeable are now being challenged, a multidisciplinary analysis of the historical development of economics might contribute to shedding light on the issues at the root of current debate.
Besides essays and critical surveys, the journal includes archive material and reviews of new books on history of economics.
It is published three times a year by the "Instituti Editoriali e Poligrafici Internazionali", 00184 Rome, via R. Bonghi, 11/B. Annual subscription rates outside Italy are as follows:
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"A. Pesenti", Via Curtatone e Montanara 15, 56126 Pisa.
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Notes for Contributors
Material for possible inclusion in HEI should be submitted to:
The Managing Editor,
Professor Riccardo Faucci. Istituto de Economia e Finanza "A
Pesenti", Via Curtatone e Montanara 15,50126 Pisa (Italy).
Tel: *39 50 2045;
Fax: *39 50 20476.
All papers that pass an initial screening are refereed. Texts must be written in English (following British spelling) using word processing software (preferably IBM-compatible or Macintosh Word 4 or 5). Authors are requested to send both the disk containing the document and the typed text. Articles should include an abstract, not exceeding 100 words. Authors are also requested to indicate their Department and University.
References should be listed at the end of the paper as follows:
BACKHOUSE, R. (1985), A History of Modern Economic Analysis, Oxford-New York, Blackwell.
Quotations in the footnotes should be written as follows:
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Papers of a more philological nature, when not referring to contemporary works, may indicate references as follows:
Frédéric BASTIAT, Cobden et la ligue, ou l'agitation anglaise pour la liberté de commerce, Paris, librairie Guillaumin, 1845.
In this case the reference will not appear in the list at the end of the paper. Articles are to be referred to as follows:
SCHUMPETER, J.A. (1950), "The March into Socialism", American Economic Review, May, 40 (2), pp. 446-456.
Papers included in anthologies are to be referred to as follows:
SWEEZY, A. (1947), "Declining Investment Opportunity", in The New Economics: Keynes's Influence on Theory and Public Policy, edited by S.E. Harris, Clifton, J.J., Kelley.
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(Fax 0039-51-390310)
The following bibliography is retrieved from HETA, the first data bank for the history of economic thought, at present on floppy disk and soon available on Internet as well. HETA is based on the systematic review (beginning from 1982) of 100 international journals: it contains articles, books and relative new editions in the history of economic thought, and affords to undertake wide and articulated researches.
The bibliography offered here represents a limited, though significant, sample from HETA. A series of constraints was imposed. First of all, the data refer only to the 9 specialized reviews in the history of economic thought (included in HETA): European Journal of the History of Economic Thought (UK), History of Economic Ideas (I), History of Economic Thought - Newsletter (UK), History of Political Economy (USA), Journal of the History of Economic Thought (USA), History of Economics Review (AUS), Il pensiero economico italiano (I), Il pensiero economico moderno (I), Storia del pensiero economico (I). The classification scheme has afterwards been simplified with regard to the original version, and consequently the information presented here has been somewhat restricted. The data are organized in 18 thematic sections. Finally, data are relative to 1995 only, and in this issues, in order to save space, book titles have been omitted.
1 - ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL ECONOMIC THOUGHT
GHAZANFAR S.M. & ISLAHI A.A. (1995), "A Rejoinder to "Economic Thought and Religious Thought"", History of Political Economy, 4, pp. 781-785.
HOSSEINI H. (1995), "Understanding the Market Mechanism before Adam Smith: Economic Thought in Medieval Islam", History of Political Economy, 3, pp. 539-561.
OSLINGTON P. (1995), "Economic Thought and Religious Thought: A Comment on Ghazanfar and Islahi", History of Political Economy, 4, pp. 775-780.
2 - MERCANTILISM
3 - PHYSIOCRACY
ELTIS W. (1995), "L'Abbé de Condillac and the Physiocrats", History of Political Economy, 2, pp. 217-236.
GEHRKE C. & KURZ H.D. (1995), "Karl Marx on physiocracy", European Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 1, pp. 53-90.
4 - PRE-CLASSICAL ECONOMIC THOUGHT
BREWER A. (1995), "The Concept of Growth in Eighteenth-Century Economics", History of Political Economy, 4, pp. 609-638.
CHOKSY G.D. (1995), "The Bifurcated Economics of Sir Dudley North and Roger North: One Holistic Analytical Engine", History of Political Economy, 3, pp. 477-492.
ELTIS W. (995), "David Hume and Josiah Tucker: Pagan and Christian Political Economy", History of Economic Ideas, 3, pp. 1-33.
NALDI N. (1995), "Land Scarcity and the Petty-Cantillon Sequence. A Note on Two Aspects of Brewer's Interpretation of Cantillon", History of Economic Ideas, 3, pp. 131-140.
URQUHART R. History of Economic Ideas, 2, pp. 73-88.
5 - CLASSICAL ECONOMISTS
BREWER A. (1995), "The Concept of Growth in Eighteenth-Century Economics", History of Political Economy, 4, pp. 609-638.
CHURCHMAN N. (1995), "David Ricardo on Public Policy: The Question of Motive", Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 1, pp. 133-152.
DAVIS J.B. (1995), "Femminis and Salanti on Ricardo and Philosophical Naturalism: Rejoinder", History of Political Economy, 1, pp. 101-106.
DEAN R. (1995), "Owenism and the Malthusian Population Question, 1815-1835", History of Political Economy, 3, pp. 579-597.
DI TARANTO G. (1995), "Popolazione e Malthusianesimo nei dibattiti di fine secolo", Il pensiero economico italiano, 2, pp..
DONOGHUE M. (1995), "The wages-and-profits fund: classical remnants in Marshall's early theory of distribution", European Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 2, pp. 355-374.
ENDRES A.M. (1995), "Adam Smith's Advisory Style as Illustrated by His Trade Policy Prescriptions", Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 1, pp. 86-105.
FEMMINIS G. & SALANTI A. (1995), "Davis on Ricardo's Machinery Chapter: A Comment", History of Political Economy, 1, pp. 89-99.
FISHBURN G. (1995), "Henry Fawcett: His Role in the Darwinian Revolution", History of Economics Review, 24, pp. 79-86.
GOOTZEIT J.M. (1995), "The Evolution of the Savings Concept", History of Economic Ideas, 1, pp. 71-92.
HOLLANDER S. (1995), "More on Malthus and Agricultural Protection", History of Political Economy, 3, pp. 531-537.
KATES S. (1995), "Crucial Influences on Keynes's Understanding of Say's Law", History of Economics Review, 23, pp. 74-82.
LEVY D.M. (1995), "The partial spectator in the Wealth of Nations: a robust utilitarianism", European Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 2, pp. 299-326.
NOELL E.S. (1995), "Adam Smith on Economic Justice in the Labor Market", Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 2, pp. 228-246.
NORTON B. (1995), "The Theory of Monopoly Capitalism and Classical Economics", History of Political Economy, 4, pp. 737-753.
OSWALD D.J. (1995), "Metaphysical Beliefs and the Foundations of Smithian Political Economy", History of Political Economy, 3, pp. 449-476.
PACK S.J. (1995), "Theological (and Hence Economic) Implications of Adam Smith's "Principles which Lead and Direct Philosophical Enquiries"", History of Political Economy, 2, pp. 289-307.
PULLEN J.M. (1995), "Malthus on Agricultural Protection: An Alternative View", History of Political Economy, 3, pp. 517-529.
ROSNER P. (1995), "Say's Law and the Post-Napoleonic Crisis", History of Economic Ideas, 3, pp. 35-64.
SONG H.H. (1995), "Adam Smith as an Early Pioneer of Institutional Individualism", History of Political Economy, 3, pp. 425-448.
STIRATI A. (1995), "Smith's Legacy and The Definitions of the Natural Wage in Ricardo", Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 1, pp. 106-132.
TRIBE K. (1995), "Professors Malthus and Jones: Political Economy at the East India College 1806-1858", European Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 2, pp. 327-354.
YOUNG J.T. (1995), "Natural Jurisprudence and the Theory of Value in Adam Smith", History of Political Economy, 4, pp. 755-773.
6 - HISTORICAL SCHOOL
CHALOUPEK G. (1995), "Long-term economic perspectives compared: Joseph Schumpeter and Werner Sombart", European Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 1, pp. 127-149.
MOORE G.C.G. (1995), "T.E. Cliffe Leslie and the English Methodenstreit", Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 1, pp. 57-77.
7 - MARX, MARXISM AND SOCIALISM
BELLANCA N. (1995), "Marx secondo Pietranera. La dinamica ciclica del nesso valori-prezzi", Il pensiero economico italiano, 1, pp. 169-208.
BREWER A. (1995), "A Minor Post-Ricardian? Marx as an Economist", History of Political Economy, 1, pp. 111-145.
CARCHEDI G. - DE HAAN W. (1995), "On the Replacement of Fixed Capital in Marx's Simple Reproduction", History of Political Economy, 3, pp. 599-604.
DEAN R. (1995), "Owenism and the Malthusian Population Question, 1815-1835", History of Political Economy, 3, pp. 579-597.
ELLIOTT J.E. (1995), "Minisymposium: Locating Marx after the Fall. Comment", History of Political Economy, 1, pp. 147-158.
FAVILLI P. (1995), "L'economia politica nella cultura socialista degli anni ottanta", Il pensiero economico italiano, 1, pp. 63-89.
FOLEY D.K. (1995), "Minisymposium: Locating Marx after the Fall. Comment", History of Political Economy, 1, pp. 159-165.
GUIDI M.E.L. (1995), "Sulla ricezione di Marx in Italia. Presentazione", Il pensiero economico italiano, 1, pp. 59-61.
HOLLANDER S. (1995), "Minisymposium: Locating Marx after the Fall. Comment", History of Political Economy, 1, pp. 167-171.
HOWARD M.C. (1995), ""A Past and a Present, but no Abiding Future": The Critical Reception of Volume III of Capital, 1894-1900", History of Economic Ideas, 1, pp. 27-69.
HOWARD M.C. (1995), "Minisymposium: Locating Marx after the Fall. Comment", History of Political Economy, 1, pp. 173-176.
KHALIL E.L. (1995), "A Reply to Lianos's Critique", Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 2, pp. 313-315.
KING J.E. (1995), "Minisymposium: Locating Marx after the Fall. Comment", History of Political Economy, 1, pp. 177-182.
LIANOS T.P. (1995), "The Rate of Profit and Crises in a Socialist Economy", Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 2, pp. 307-313.
MARTELLONI F. (1995), "Marx e Graziadei: elementi per un confronto fra due teorie del sovrappi e del plusvalore", Il pensiero economico italiano, 1, pp. 121-168.
NEGISHI T. (1995), "Minisymposium: Locating Marx after the Fall. Comment", History of Political Economy, 1, pp. 183-188.
NORTON B. (1995), "The Theory of Monopoly Capitalism and Classical Economics", History of Political Economy, 4, pp. 737-753.
POTIER J.P. (1995), "Marx en Italie: une étude historique (1883-1899)", Il pensiero economico italiano, 1, pp. 91-119.
RONCAGLIA A. (1995), "Minisymposium: Locating Marx after the Fall. Comment", History of Political Economy, 1, pp. 189-193.
SCHABAS M. (1995), "Minisymposium: Locating Marx after the Fall. Comment", History of Political Economy, 1, pp. 195-199.
STEEDMAN I. (1995), "Minisymposium: Locating Marx after the Fall. Comment", History of Political Economy, 1, pp. 201-206.
WEINTRAUB E.R. (1995), "Minisymposium: Locating Marx after the Fall. Editor's Intoduction", History of Political Economy, 1, pp. 109-110.
ZANGHERI R. (1995), "Fra cronaca e storia: il primo movimento socialista italiano in alcuni giudizi contemporanei", Il pensiero economico moderno, 1-2, pp. 11-35.
8 - MARGINALIST AND NEOCLASSICAL SCHOOL (before 1945)
BOETTKE P.J. (1995), "Why Are There No Austrian Socialists? Ideology, Science and The Austrian School", Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 1, pp. 35-56.
BOIANOVSKY M. (1995), "Wicksell's business cycle", European Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 2, pp. 375-411.
BRADY M. (1995), "A Study of J.M. Keynes' Marshallian-Pigouvian Elasticity Approach in Chapter 20 and 21 of the GT", History of Economics Review, 24, pp. 55-71.
BUTLER R.W. (1995), ""The Economic Condition of America": Marshall's Missing Speech at University College, Bristol", History of Political Economy, 2, pp. 405-416.
DIMAND R. (1995), "Carl Menger, Crown Prince Rudolf, and Public Policy: A Liberal Critique of Feudal Privilege", History of Economics Review, 24, pp. 95-97.
DOCHERTY P. (1995), "Endogeneity in Wicksell's Monetary Theory", History of Economics Review, 23, pp. 20-36.
DONOGHUE M. (1995), "The wages-and-profits fund: classical remnants in Marshall's early theory of distribution", European Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 2, pp. 355-374.
DORFMAN R. (1995), "Austrian and American Capital Theories: A Contrast of Cultures", Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 1, pp. 21-34.
ENDRAS T. (1995), "Conceptions of Competition in Austrian Economics Before Hayek", History of Economics Review, 23, pp. 1-19.
ENDRES A.M. (1995), "Carl Menger's Theory of Price Formation Reconsidered", History of Political Economy, 2, pp. 261-287.
FORGES DAVANZATI G. (1995), "W.S. Jevons: From the Wage Fund Doctrine to the Theory of Individual Supply of Labour", History of Economic Ideas, 2, pp. 33-50.
FOSS N.J. (1995), "More on "Hayek's Transformation"", History of Political Economy, 2, pp. 345-364.
GOOTZEIT J.M. (1995), "The Evolution of the Savings Concept", History of Economic Ideas, 1, pp. 71-92.
HILTON H. (1995), "Leon Walras on Money and Banking", History of Economics Review, 24, pp. 72-78.
KLAUSINGER H. (1995), "Schumpeter and Hayek: Two Views of the Great Depression Re-Examined", History of Economic Ideas, 3, pp. 93-127.
LAIDLER D. (1995), "Robertson in the 1920s", European Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 1, pp. 151-174.
LEESON R. (1995), "Fisher and Phillips", History of Economics Review, 23, pp. 117-118.
MASINI F. (1995), "Vincoli esterni ed obiettivi interni: il gold standard e la Grande Depressione", Storia del pensiero economico, 29, pp. 67-79.
MIZEN P. & PRESLEY J.R. (1995), "Robertson and Persistent Negative Reactions to Keynes's General Theory: Some New Evidence", History of Political Economy, 4, pp. 639-651.
MORNATI F. (1995), "Militanza politica e riflessione teorica in Pasquale Boninsegni", Il pensiero economico italiano, 1, pp. 27-55.
NIEHANS J. & JAGGI S. (1995), "Auspitz and Lieben: The Appendices", History of Political Economy, 2, pp. 365-386.
ORMAZABAL K.M. (1995), "The Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility in Alfred Marshall's Principles of Economics", European Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 1, pp. 91-126.
RODRIGUEZ BRAUN C. (1995), "A Note on Blaug Indifferenze Curves", Storia del pensiero economico, 29, pp. 59-64.
TILMAN R. & PORTER TILMAN R. (1995), "John Neville Keynes: The Social Philosophy of a Late Victorian Economist", Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 2, pp. 266-284.
TRESCOTT P.B. (1995), "Rothbard's Austrian Perspective: A Review Article", Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 2, pp. 316-328.
VAN ZIJP R. (1995), "Lachmann and the wilderness: on Lachmann's radical subjectivism", European Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 2, pp. 412-433.
VAZQUEZ A. (1995), "Marshall and the Mathematization of Economics", Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 2, pp. 247-265.
9 - INSTITUTIONALISM
10 - SCHUMPETER J.A.
CHALOUPEK G. (1995), "Long-term economic perspectives compared: Joseph Schumpeter and Werner Sombart", European Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 1, pp. 127-149.
KLAUSINGER H. (1995), "Schumpeter and Hayek: Two Views of the Great Depression Re-Examined", History of Economic Ideas, 3, pp. 93-127.
STOLPER W.F. (1995), "Schumpeter's Ministerial Days", History of Economic Ideas, 1, pp. 93-103.
11 - KEYNES J.M.
BESOMI D. (1995), "From "The Trade Cycle" to the "Essay in Dynamic Theory": The Harrod-Keynes Correspondence, 1937-1938", History of Political Economy, 2, pp. 309-343.
BRADY M. (1995), "A Study of J.M. Keynes' Marshallian-Pigouvian Elasticity Approach in Chapter 20 and 21 of the GT", History of Economics Review, 24, pp. 55-71.
BREMS H. (1995), "Macroeconomic Conversion Déjˆ Vu", Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 1, pp. 78-85.
DAVIS J.B. (1995), "Keynes's Later Philosophy", History of Political Economy, 2, pp. 237-260.
DIMAND R. (1995), "Macroeconomics With and Without Keynes", History of Economics Review, 24, pp. 23-42.
GOOTZEIT J.M. (1995), "The Evolution of the Savings Concept", History of Economic Ideas, 1, pp. 71-92.
HOOVER K.D. (1995), "Relative Wages, Rationality, and Involuntary Unemploy-ment in Keynes's Labor Market", History of Political Economy, 4, pp. 653-685.
KATES S. (1995), "Crucial Influences on Keynes's Understanding of Say's Law", History of Economics Review, 23, pp. 74-82.
LEESON R. (1995), "Keynes and Einstein", History of Economics Review, 24, pp. 101-102.
MIZEN P. & PRESLEY J.R. (1995), "Robertson and Persistent Negative Reactions to Keynes's General Theory: Some New Evidence", History of Political Economy, 4, pp. 639-651.
O'DONNEL R. (1995), "Editing Large Unpublished Writings: The Case of J.M. Keynes", History of Economic Ideas, 2, pp. 89-130.
O'DONNEL R. (1995), "A Supplementary Edition of J.M. Keynes's Writings: Rationale, Nature and Significance", History of Economics Review, 23, pp. 61-73.
12 - HICKS AND THE NEOCLASSICAL SYNTHESIS
DARITY W. JR. & YOUNG W. (1995), "IS-LM: An Inquest", History of Political Economy, 1, pp. 1-41.
13 - NEOCLASSICAL SCHOOL
(since 1945)
BREMS H. (1995), "Macroeconomic Conversion Déjˆ Vu", Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 1, pp. 78-85.
JOLINK A. (1995), "'Anecdotal myths': Tinbergen's influence on Harrod's growth theory", European Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 2, pp. 434-449.
14 - KEYNESIANS, NEO-KEYNESIANS, AND POST-KEYNESIANS
ARNDT H. (1995), "James Meade: 1907-1995", History of Economics Review, 24, pp. 98-100.
BESOMI D. (1995), "From "The Trade Cycle" to the "Essay in Dynamic Theory": The Harrod-Keynes Correspondence, 1937-1938", History of Political Economy, 2, pp. 309-343.
BREMS H. (1995), "Macroeconomic Conversion Déjˆ Vu", Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 1, pp. 78-85.
CHAPPLE S. (1995), "Effective Demand in Kalecki's Early Macroeconomics", History of Economics Review, 24, pp. 43-54.
JOLINK A. (1995), "'Anecdotal myths': Tinbergen's influence on Harrod's growth theory", European Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 2, pp. 434-449.
15 - SRAFFA AND THE NEO-RICARDIANS
16 - NEO-INSTITUTIONALISM
MEDEMA S. (1995), "Ronald Coase on Economics and Economic Method", History of Economics Review, 24, pp. 1-22.
MONTESI C. (1995), "Reinterpretando Ronald Coase nel segno della qualitˆ", Il pensiero economico moderno, 4, pp. 61-70.
RIZZELLO S. (1995), "La path-dependency nella teoria economica e il contributo di Franco Momigliano", Storia del pensiero economico, 30, pp. 23-52.
SONG H.H. (1995), "Adam Smith as an Early Pioneer of Institutional Individualism", History of Political Economy, 3, pp. 425-448.
17 - OTHER CURRENTS OF ECONOMIC THOUGHT
COPPA C. (1995), "Uno scienziato sociale in formazione. Due scritti giovanili di Albert O. Hirschman", Storia del pensiero economico, 30, pp. 75-91.
DIMAND R.W. (1995), "Cournot, Bertrand, and Cherriman", History of Political Economy, 3, pp. 563-578.
GHAZANFAR S.M. & ISLAHI A.A. (1995), "A Rejoinder to "Economic Thought and Religious Thought"", History of Political Economy, 4, pp. 781-785.
HOLLANDER S. (1995), ""It's an Ill Wind ...": A Memoir", Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 2, pp. 285-306.
HOSSEINI H. (1995), "Understanding the Market Mechanism before Adam Smith: Economic Thought in Medieval Islam", History of Political Economy, 3, pp. 539-561.
INNOCENTI A. (1995), "Oskar Morgenstern and the Heterodox Potentialities of the Application of Game Theory to Economics", Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 2, pp. 205-227.
JAFFE J.A. (1995), "The Origins of Thomas Hodgskin's Critique of Political Economy", History of Political Economy, 3, pp. 493-515.
JOLINK A. (1995), "'Anecdotal myths': Tinbergen's influence on Harrod's growth theory", European Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 2, pp. 434-449.
MASINI F. (1995), "Politica economica ed economia politica internazionale: per una prospettiva storica", Storia del pensiero economico, 30, pp. 95-106.
MOSS L.S. (1995), "Finding New Wine in Old Bottles: What Historians Must Do When Leontief Coefficients Are No Longer The Designated Drivers of Economics", Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 2, pp. 179-204.
ORSINI R. (1995), "L'economia posizionale: limiti e forme della crescita", Il pensiero economico moderno, 1-2, pp. 85-108.
OSLINGTON P. (1995), "Economic Thought and Religious Thought: A Comment on Ghazanfar and Islahi", History of Political Economy, 4, pp. 775-780.
OSLINGTON P. & HAWTREY K. (1995), "Some Questions and a Bibliography on the Relationship between Economics and Christianity", History of Economics Review, 24, pp. 87-94.
PUCCI L. (1995), "Demassificazione della societˆ e smaterializzazione del capitale: seduzioni e prospettive", Il pensiero economico moderno, 4, pp. 37-48.
18 - ECONOMIC THOUGHT OF INDIVIDUAL NATIONS
Australia
LEESON R. (1995), "J. Harold Wilson, Economist: Obituary Note", History of Economics Review, 23, pp. 119-120.
France
MASSA PIERGIOVANNI P. (1995), "Industria e diplomazia tra Genova e la Francia in una relazione del primo Settecento", Il pensiero economico moderno, 3, pp. 51-70.
Germany
PASTURE P. & LAMBERTS E. (1995), "Il sindacalismo cristiano in Europa: passato, presente e prospettive future", Il pensiero economico moderno, 1-2, pp. 67-84.
United Kingdom
MALONEY J. (1995), "Gladstone, Free Trade and Political Economy", History of Economic Ideas, 2, pp. 1-32.
MOORE G.C.G. (1995), "T.E. Cliffe Leslie and the English Methodenstreit", Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 1, pp. 57-77.
THOMPSON E.H. (1995), "Elizabethan Economic Analysis: Fynes Moryson's Account of the Economies of Europe", History of Economic Ideas, 1, pp. 1-25.
Italy
AUGELLO M.M. (1995), "Il ruolo dei periodici nell'economia politica italiana di fine Ottocento", Il pensiero economico italiano, 2, pp..
AUGIMERI P.M. (1995), "Writing a PhD in the History of Economics", History of Economic Ideas, 2, pp. 157-171.
BAIA CURIONI S. (1995), "Riflessioni sui mercati finanziari in epoca giolittiana", Il pensiero economico italiano, 2, pp..
BELLANCA N. (1995), "Marx secondo Pietranera. La dinamica ciclica del nesso valori-prezzi", Il pensiero economico italiano, 1, pp. 169-208.
BINI P. (1995), "L'industrializzazione in Italia. Teorie economiche e ideologie dello sviluppo", Il pensiero economico italiano, 2, pp..
CASTRONOVO V. (1995), "Economia e politica nel cinquantennio repubblicano. Alcune considerazioni", Il pensiero economico italiano, 1, pp. 7-25.
DI MICO M. & FINOIA M. (1995), "Il problema dell'emigrazione negli economisti italiani", Il pensiero economico italiano, 2, pp..
DI TARANTO G. (1995), "Popolazione e Malthusianesimo nei dibattiti di fine secolo", Il pensiero economico italiano, 2, pp..
FAVILLI P. (1995), "L'economia politica nella cultura socialista degli anni ottanta", Il pensiero economico italiano, 1, pp. 63-89.
FAZIO A. (1995), "L'opera di Guido Carli", Il pensiero economico moderno, 4, pp. 3-10.
FERRARI M.E. (1995), "Aspetti del pensiero economico di Jacopo Virgilio (1834-1891)", Il pensiero economico italiano, 1, pp. 241-262.
GATTEI G. (1995), "La "cultura economica" del Ventennio (1923-1943): primo rapporto sulla letteratura recente", Storia del pensiero economico, 29, 3-50.
GUIDI M.E.L. (1995), "Sulla ricezione di Marx in Italia. Presentazione", Il pensiero economico italiano, 1, pp. 59-61.
GUIDI M.E.L. (1995), "Interessi agricoli e nascita dell'economia agraria: iniziative e discussioni", Il pensiero economico italiano, 2, pp..
MACCABELLI T. (1995), "Su "Scrittori italiani di economia" a cura di R. Bocciarelli e P. Ciocca: un dibattito", Il pensiero economico italiano, 1, pp. 263-270.
MACCABELLI T. & MICHELINI L. (1995), "Due temi d'epoca: cooperazione e municipalizzazione", Il pensiero economico italiano, 2, pp..
MARTELLONI F. (1995), "Marx e Graziadei: elementi per un confronto fra due teorie del sovrappi e del plusvalore", Il pensiero economico italiano, 1, pp. 121-168.
MAZZONE RUGGIERO S. (1995), "Vita civile ed idee economiche negli scritti di Alvise Cornaro (1475-1566)", Il pensiero economico moderno, 4, pp. 49-60.
MOLESTI R. (1995), "Il contributo storiografico di Gino Barbieri", Il pensiero economico moderno, 4, pp. 11-18.
MORNATI F. (1995), "Militanza politica e riflessione teorica in Pasquale Boninsegni", Il pensiero economico italiano, 1, pp. 27-55.
PARISI D. & PORTA P.L. (1995), "Scienza economica e cultura economica nella Milano 1890-1920", Storia del pensiero economico, 29, 51-55.
PASTURE P. & LAMBERTS E. (1995), "Il sindacalismo cristiano in Europa: passato, presente e prospettive future", Il pensiero economico moderno, 1-2, pp. 67-84.
PAVANELLI G. & PORTA P.L. (A CURA DI) (1995), "La formazione intellettuale e scientifica di un economista critico. Conversazione autobiografica con Giovanni Demaria", Il pensiero economico italiano, 1, pp. 211-238.
PAVANELLI G. (1995), "Il dibattito sulle relazioni monetarie internazionali (1880-1895)", Il pensiero economico italiano, 2.
PERUGINI S. (1995), "Libertˆ e sviluppo economico nel pensiero di Angelo Costa", Storia del pensiero economico, 30, pp. 53-73.
POTIER J.P. (1995), "Marx en Italie: une étude historique (1883-1899)", Il pensiero economico italiano, 1, pp. 91-119.
REALFONZO R. (1995), "La "questione bancaria". Unicitˆ versus pluralitˆ degli istituti di emissione (1886-1893)", Il pensiero economico italiano, 2.
REALFONZO R. (1995), "La teoria della banca come "organo dei pagamenti a credito" di De Viti De Marco", Storia del pensiero economico, 30, pp. 3-22.
RIZZELLO S. (1995), "La path-dependency nella teoria economica e il contributo di Franco Momigliano", Storia del pensiero economico, 30, pp. 23-52.
SABA V. (1995), "Storia e politica del lavoro. Il "Patto di unitˆ sindacale"", Il pensiero economico moderno, 1-2, pp. 59-65.
SABA V. (1995), "Le tendenze evolutive del movimento sindacale", Il pensiero economico moderno, 4, pp. 25-35.
SANTILLO M. (1995), "Guido Pescosolido sullo sviluppo economico italiano nel primo ventennio post-unitario", Il pensiero economico moderno, 3, pp. 99-103.
VAGLIASINDI P.A. (1995), "Su "Scrittori italiani di economia" a cura di R. Bocciarelli e P. Ciocca: un dibattito", Il pensiero economico italiano, 1, pp. 271-277.
ZANGHERI R. (1995), "Fra cronaca e storia: il primo movimento socialista italiano in alcuni giudizi contemporanei", Il pensiero economico moderno, 1-2, pp. 11-35.
Russia
MOTTA P.G. (1995), "Economy and Conduct of War: The Theory of Ivan S. Bloch", History of Economic Ideas, 3, pp. 65-91.
Spain
LLOMBART V. (1995), "Market for ideas and reception of physiocracy in Spain: some analytical and historical suggestions", European Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 1, pp. 29-51.
United States
BRUCE K. (1995), "Scientific Management and the American Planning Experience of WWI: The Case of the War Industries Board", History of Economics Review, 23, pp. 37-60.
BUTLER R.W. (1995), ""The Economic Condition of America": Marshall's Missing Speech at University College, Bristol", History of Political Economy, 2, pp. 405-416.
McCALLIE J.D. (1995), "Early Warnings of the Hazards of Federal Deposit Insurance at the Time of Its Inception", History of Political Economy, 4, pp. 687-703.
SAMUELS W. (1995), "Richard Reeves' Study of the Kennedy Presidency: Implications for Studying Economics and the History of Economic Thought", History of Economics Review, 23, pp. 108-116.
SKAGGS N.T. (1995), "The Methodological Roots of J. Laurance Laughlin's Anti-Quantity Theory of Money and Prices", Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 1, pp. 1-20.
TREADGOLD M. & PULLEN J. (1995), "Henry George in Northern New South Wales: Newspaper Accounts of Two Lectures", History of Economics Review, 23, pp. 83-95.
Other countries
SOOFI A. (1995), "Economics of Ibn Khaldun Revisited", History of Political Economy, 2, pp. 387-404.
Record of its Foundation
1 The Society held a founding meeting in Nice on 9th and 10th December, 1995. This meeting concluded the process of creation of the Society. The members of the Society present were:
ALCOUFFE Alain (University of Toulouse I, France) - ARENA Richard (University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, France) - BELLET Michel (University J. Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France) - BELLOFIORE Riccardo (University of Bergamo, Italy) - BELLONE Flora (University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, France) - BRUNO Olivier (University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, France) - COT Annie (University of Lille, France) - DAL-PONT Muriel (University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, France) - DANGEL Cécile (University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, France) - DEGHELS Nathalie (University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, France) - DEVICHI Anne (University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, France) - DIATKINE Daniel (University of Evry, France) - EGE Ragip (University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, France) - FAUCCI Riccardo (University of Pisa, Italy) - FESTRE Agns (University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, France) - GAFFARD Jean-Luc (University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, France) - HAGEMANN Harald (University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany) - HASLINGER Franz (University of Hanover, Germany) - HUEBER Olivier (University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, France) - L'HARMET Corinne (University J. Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France) - LAPIDUS André (University of Paris I, Panthéon-Sorbonne, France) - LEGRIS André (University of Paris I, Panthéon-Sorbonne, France) - MARCUZZO Maria-Cristina (University "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy) - MUSSO Patrick (University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, France) - NGO-MAI Stéphane (University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, France) - PASINETTI Luigi (Université Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, Italy) - PORTA Pier-Luigi (University of Milano, Italy) - RANKIN Stephen (University of East Anglia, Norwich, England) - RAVIX Jo'l (University J. Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France) - RAYBAUT Alain (CNRS/University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, France) - ROSIO Jean (University of Aix-Marseille II, France) - SCHEFOLD Bertram (J. W. Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany) - SCHMIDT Christian (University of Paris IX-Dauphine, France) - SOSTHE Franck (University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, France) - VAGGI Gianni (University of Pavia, Italy).
During the first day of the Nice meeting, the Assembly was chaired by Richard Arena, chairman of the provisional Steering Committee. The results of the elections of the Executive Committee (organised by postal ballot) of the Society were proclaimed. Luigi Pasinetti (Universitˆ Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan) was elected first President of the Society. Richard Arena (University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, France), Riccardo Faucci (University of Pisa), Harald Hagemann (University of Hohenheim), Heinz Kurz (University of Graz), Pier Luigi Porta (University of Milan) and Andrew Skinner (University of Glasgow) were elected members of the Executive Committee.
With these elections, the Steering Committee of the Society has concluded its tasks with all its objectives being fulfilled. It was recalled that the Steering Committee was elected in the Cannes meeting of autumn, 1994. It proposed a constitution which was approved in Rotterdam in February, 1995. A first meeting of the society was held in Siena in September, 1995. The Steering Committee sent a call for membership to a large number of historians of economic thought in the world. 190 colleagues answered positively and became members of ESHET.' Finally, the Steering Committee organised the election of the President and the Executive Committee of the Society.
During the second day of the Nice meeting, the Assembly was chaired by L. Pasinetti, president of the Society.
L. Pasinetti first reported on a meeting the Executive Committee held in the morning and gave the result of the officers election within the Executive Committee. Andrew Skinner was elected Vice-president of the Society; Richard Arena, Secretary and Harald Hagemann, Treasurer.
(From the records taken by Richard Arena)
2 Report of the meetings of the Executive Committee of the European Society for the History of Economic Thought, held during the Lisbon Conference, 8. 2. 96 (17:00-18:00) and 10. 2. 96 (20:00-22:00).
The first meeting of the Executive Committee of the ESHET was held on 8. 2. 96 from 17:00 to 18:00. All the members of the Committee were
present (L. Pasinetti, A. Skinner, R. Arena, R. Faucci, H. Hagemann,
H. Kurz, P.L. Porta). The Executive Committee considered successively all the aspects of the agenda of the General Annual Meeting which had to be held at 18:00.
The Executive Committee (E. C.) agreed to ask B. Schefold to investigate the legal possibilities to register the Constitution in Frankfurt and, if possible, to deposit the statues in Germany, as quickly as possible.
(From the records taken by Richard Arena)
3 Report of the Meeting of the Council of the European Society for the History of Economic Thought, held during the Lisbon conference, 10. 2. 1996; 8:30 - 9 o'clock.
The following members of the council had been elected during the annual general meeting of European Society for the History of Economic Thought on the previous day:
BRIDEL Pascal (University of Lausanne)
CARTELIER Jean (University of Paris X)
DAAL Jan van (Erasmus University of Rotterdam)
DOCKéS Pierre (University of Lyon II)
ELTIS Walter (University of Oxford)
LAPIDUS André (University of Paris I)
MARCUZZO Cristina (University of Rome, La Sapienza)
RANKIN Stephen (University of East Anglia)
RIETER Heinz (University of Hamburg)
SCHEFOLD Bertram (University of Frankfurt am Main)
SCHMIDT Christian (University of Paris IX)
STEEDMAN Ian (Manchester Metropolitan University)
STREISSLER Erich (University of Vienna)
VAGGI Gianni (University of Pavia)
WINCH Donald (University of Sussex)
ZAMAGNI Stefano (University of Bologna)
All the elected members of the Council who attended the Conference were present at the meeting, i. e. P. Bridel, A. Lapidus, C. Marcuzzo, B. Schefold, C. Schmidt, I. Steedman, G. Vaggi.
The president of the Society, Luigi Pasinetti (Milan), opened the session.
B. Schefold was unanimously elected Chairman of the Council.
W. Eltis was unanimously elected Vice-chairman of the Council.
(From the records taken by Bertram Schefold)
4 The Executive Committee herewith resolves, in order to execute the decisions taken by the assembly of Nice and in consequence of the decision taken by the Executive Committee in Lisbon, to give the form of a not registered association (nicht eingetragener Verein, n. r. V.) according to German law to the Society. To this end, the constitution has been translated from English into German and the paragraphs 1, 2, 3, 8.7, 11.1 and 12.2 (which had been conceived
for a registration of the Society in Belgium) have been adapted to German law. This summary record documents the foundation of the Society according to German law, together with the constitution in German language. Accordingly, one German version of the constitution and this summary record in German translation was signed by seven members of the association who were present at the founding assembly in Nice, as is required by German law to confirm the act of foundation. Both documents were also signed by all eight members of the Executive Committee (including the Chairman of the Council), in order to confirm the decisions of the Executive Committee which have been mentioned and which were relevant to the foundation. The German version of this record was then signed by nine persons - only six members of the Executive Committee were present at Nice (eight signatures of members of the Executive Committee and one by another member, present in Nice).
European Society for the History of Economic Thought
Article 1: Name
The name of the Society is "The European Society for the History of Economic Thought" ("EuropŠische Gesellschaft fŸr die Geschichte des …konomischen Denkens"; Société Européenne d'Histoire de la Pensée Economique").
Article 2: Legal status
The Society is a non-profit organisation according to German law (nicht rechtsfŠhiger Verein, n. r. V.) which pursues objectives exclusively according to article 4.
Article 3: Location
The legal headquarters of the Society is Frankfurt am Main; local address: FB Wirtschaftswissenschaften, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-UniversitŠt.
Article 4: Objectives
The objectives of the society shall be to promote:
4.1 teaching and research in the history of economic thought in Europe, taking account of different traditions and languages.
4.2 cooperation with European national economic societies and organisations in the history of economic thought;
4.3 communications and the exchange of ideas amongst European teachers and researchers in the history of economic thought, including conferences, seminars and summer schools;
4.4 the establishment of links with national economic societies and organisations for the history of economic thought outside Europe;
4.5 innovative methods in the teaching of the history of economic thought;
4.6 collaborative research in the history of economic thought on a European basis.
Article 5: Membership
5.1 Membership is for a single calendar year and expires at the end of each calendar year.
5.2 Any individual interested in the objectives of the Society is eligible in principle for membership upon payment of the annual membership fee. Institutional membership on a non-voting basis is available to public or private institutions which provide the Society with material support.
5.3 The Society's membership fees for individual and institutional members shall be reviewed annually by the Executive Committee and determined by a majority vote of those present at the Annual General Meeting.
5.4 Honorary life membership is available to scholars nominated by the Council who have made distinguished contributions to the history of economic thought. Honorary membership requires the support of two-thirds of the members of the General Assembly participating in a postal ballot. Any member of the Society may propose an individual for nomination by the Council as an Honorary Member.
Article 6: General Assembly
6.1 The General Assembly of the Society consists of all fully paid-up members of the Society.
6.2 The general policies of the Society shall be determined by the General Assembly through a simple majority of votes.
6.3 There shall be an Annual General Meeting of members of the Society to determine, in particular, a programme of activities and to take decisions concerning the Society's financial management.
6.4 The Society will call an Extraordinary General Meeting at the request of either (a) a majority of the Executive Committee; (b) fifteen percent of the membership of the Society.
6.5 The Society will conduct a postal ballot of its membership on non-election issues at the request of either (a) a majority of the Executive Committee; (b) twenty-five percent of the membership of the Society.
Article 7: Council
7.1 The Council of the Society consists of between eight and sixteen members elected by the Annual General Meeting from nominations put forward by the Executive Committee.
7.2 The term of office for membership of the Council of the Society shall be two years.
7.3 The Council will appoint from its members a Chair and a Vice-Chair.
7.4 The Council of the Society will nominate Honorary Members; appoint auditors; review the Society's programme of activities; and provide advice and support to the Executive Committee on matters of interest to the Society.
Article 8: The Executive Committee
8.1 The Executive Committee of the Society consists of the President, the Chair of the Council, the Past President, the Vice-President, the Secretary, the Treasurer and three Ordinary Members.
8.2 The Chair of the Council and the Past President are ex officio non-voting members of the Executive Committee.
8.3 The President and all members of the Executive Committee other than the ex officio members are elected by postal ballot of the General Assembly from nominations put forward at the Annual General Meeting.
8.4 The term of office for the elected posts on the Executive Committee is two years. Members of the Executive Committee are eligible for re-election provided that they have not served two consecutive terms of office in the previous four years. The President of the Society becomes the Past President after having served a single term of office.
8.5 The Executive Committee is responsible for the implementation of the Society's programme of activities within the framework of objectives contained in Article 4 of the Constitution.
8.6 The Executive Committee is responsible for the financial management of the Society and for ensuring that its funds are administered in a manner consistent with the objectives of the Society.
8.7 The Executive Committee is empowered to authorise some of its members to act individually or collectively on behalf of the association. The Executive Committee is empowered to appoint individuals or committees of mem¬bers of the Society to carry out particular tasks in the Society's programme of activities.
8.8 The Executive Committee will organise the Annual General Meeting of the Society and present reports on the Society's programme of activities, the results of elections and the
Society's financial position.
Article 9: Duties of Officers
9.1 President
The President of the Society will preside over meetings of the Executive Committee and the General Assembly. The President is responsible for representing the interests of the Society and for the development of its programme of activities within the framework of its objectives. The President may not serve two consecutive terms of office.
9.2 Vice-President
The Vice-President will act on behalf of the President in the event that the President is unable to act in the performance of his or her duties. The Executive Committee shall appoint the Vice-President from amongst its members to serve for two years.
9.3 Secretary
The Secretary of the Society will assist the President in the pursuit of the Society's objectives. The Secretary is responsible, in particular, for maintaining the Society's membership list; for keeping the records of the
Society; and for publishing the minutes of the meetings of the Council, the Executive Committee and the General Assembly. The Executive Committee shall appoint the Secretary from amongst its members to serve for two years.
9.4 Treasurer
The Treasurer is responsible for the day-to-day financial affairs of the Society and shall report on these at least once a year to the Council, the Executive Committee and the General Assembly. The Executive Committee shall appoint the Treasurer from amongst its members to serve for two years.
Article 10: Budgets and accounts
10.1 The financial year of the Society ends on 31 December of each year.
10.2 At the end of each financial year, the Council shall appoint two or more auditors who are not themselves members of either the Council or the Executive Committee. The auditors will present a report of their audit of the financial accounts to
the Society's next Annual General Meeting.
Article 11: Amendments to the Constitution and Dissolution
11.1 Without restricting the applicability of the corresponding provisions of German law, any proposal to alter the Constitution or to dissolve the Society shall emanate from the Executive Committee or from at least one third of the membership of the Society.
11.2 A decision requires the appproval of two-thirds of those responding in a postal ballot of the Society.
Article 12: Matters not
covered by the Constitution
12.1 All matters not covered by German law or in the Constitution are regulated by the Society's internal Procedures. The Society's internal Procedures shall be formulated by the Executive Committee and ratified by the General Assembly.
12.2 This Constitution and its amendments according to 11.2 become effective according to the prescriptions of the German BGB.
All copy for the Newsletter should be sent to:
Dr John Vint
The Manchester Metropolitan University
Department of Economics and Economic History
Faculty of Humanities and Social Science
Mabel Tylecote Building, Cavendish Street
Manchester M15 6BG
United Kingdom
Telephone 0161 247 3891
Fax 0161 247 6301
E-mail J.Vint@mmu.ac.uk
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